Thread: There Is No Deadline on DACA

There Is No Deadline on DACA

Don't Believe the Hype, but Get Ready to Place the Blame

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By Andrew R. Arthur on January 19, 2018



One of the themes that has been driving press reports about the looming government shutdown is an erroneous "fact" that the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program is facing a March 5, 2018 deadline.

For example, on January 17, 2018, Newsweek stated that a House of Representatives continuing resolution bill "does not provide a solution for protecting the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA), which could expire on March 5." Similarly, the Los Angeles Times reported:

The administration is trying to broker an immigration deal as some Democrats are warning they will withhold their votes for the temporary government funding measure unless there are deportation protections for some 700,000 DACA recipients, or Dreamers. The young immigrants, brought to the U.S. illegally as children, face deportation as their permits to work and live here are set to expire in March under a deadline set by Trump. [Emphasis added.]

In a January 10, 2018 article, the Washington Post made similar claims:

The sense of urgency among Democrats has been fueled by the fact that tens of thousands of DACA recipients have already lost legal status. The program expires entirely in March, a date that Republican leaders have cast as the actual deadline for action. [Emphasis added.]

The same goes for CNN on January 16, 2018:

Democrats have signaled all along that they wouldn't be quick to fund the government without assurances that there was a plan on the way to protect hundreds of thousands of young recipients of DACA, the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which expires in March. After Trump's incendiary language and his rejection of the bipartisan deal last week, Democrats may be leaning more toward withholding their votes on a spending compromise. [Emphasis added.]

I could cite more, but you get the idea. Well, I can't help myself; on January 15, 2018, ABC News reported: "The Trump administration has set March 5 as the deadline to end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program for young undocumented immigrants if Congress fails to come up with its own solution." [Emphasis added.] Not to be outdone, NBC News stated on January 16, 2018:

Democrats, as well as former Homeland Security secretaries, believe that Congress must pass a deal on DACA by this month to begin processing applications before the Trump administration's self-imposed March 5 end date for the program. [Emphasis added.]

The fact is, in Washington, D.C., six weeks is a lifetime. Legislation could easily be drafted, be referred committee, go through regular order, be sent to the floors of the respective houses and voted on, and be sent to the president in much less time. Of course, March 5, 2018, is not a deadline for the end of DACA beneficiaries.

In fact, if I am correct, the program likely will not even begin to wind down for months yet.

It's no secret that on January 9, 2018, federal Judge William Alsup of the Northern District of California had (largely) enjoined the Trump administration from ending DACA program. His order read as follows:

For the foregoing reasons, defendants ARE HEREBY ORDERED AND ENJOINED, pending final judgment herein or other order, to maintain the DACA program on a nationwide basis on the same terms and conditions as were in effect before the rescission on September 5, 2017, including allowing DACA enrollees to renew their enrollments, with the exceptions (1) that new applications from applicants who have never before received deferred action need not be processed; (2) that the advance parole feature need not be continued for the time being for anyone; and (3) that defendants may take administrative steps to make sure fair discretion is exercised on an individualized basis for each renewal application.

Nor did the administration slow-walk implementation of Judge Alsup's order. In fact, four days after the issuance of that order, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) issued new guidance in accordance with it.

As USCIS interprets that order, Judge Alsup requires the agency to accept not only renewals from DACA beneficiaries whose benefits have expired since the Acting Secretary of Homeland Security's initial September 5, 2017 memorandum terminating the program, but it must also allow renewal applications to be filed by DACA beneficiaries whose status expired no earlier than 16 months and four days ago, on September 5, 2016.

While most mainstream outlets have ignored this injunction in connection with the funding deadline, no less than Vox yesterday actually published an in-depth analysis of it:

It's the debate that Congress has to resolve over the next two days if it wants to avoid a government shutdown: How urgent is a DACA fix, really? How badly does Congress need to pass a bill this month to give 690,000 young unauthorized immigrants (who are already losing their protections under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program) a shot at permanent legal status?

While some Republicans have often pooh-poohed the urgency of a DACA fix, Democrats say the situation is dire. And before this past week, it unequivocally was. But all of a sudden, the original DACA program has been partially resurrected — and its bizarre afterlife complicates the argument over when Congress will need to act.

That's partly because of a shocking ruling issued last week by Judge William Alsup, ordering the administration to resurrect part of the DACA program and allow the 690,000 young unauthorized immigrants protected from deportation under the program when the Trump administration started shutting it down in October to apply for renewals of their two-year work permits.

But even more than Alsup's ruling, the Trump administration's response has muddied the waters on DACA. The Department of Justice, led by Attorney General Jeff Sessions, is challenging Alsup's ruling in a way that's tactically aggressive but not doing everything they can to get DACA shut down again as quickly as possible.

The DOJ's current strategy makes it entirely possible that as of March 5 — the day the Trump administration said expiring DACA permits would no longer be renewable, which has been treated by Congress as the "deadline" for a DACA fix — the federal government will, in fact, still be allowing DACA recipients to renew their work permits.

This article makes many of the same points that I made in a post earlier this week:

Interestingly, however, Politico reports that as of January 16, DOJ had not sought to have Judge Alsup's injunction stayed. If true, this is likely a shrewd political move, intended to give Congress the opportunity to negotiate a bill that would contain a "DACA fix" along with additional enforcement tools to mitigate the consequences that an amnesty of the 690,000 DACA beneficiaries would cause.

In fact, Politico subsequently clarified yesterday that Solicitor General Noel Francisco is seeking Supreme Court review of that order, and seeking a "speedy resolution" of the matter, but:

Despite the urgent tone ... the administration did not immediately seek a stay of U.S. District Court Judge William Alsup's decision. Instead, last Saturday, the Department of Homeland Security began accepting renewal requests in accordance with the judge's order.

In the new filing, Francisco says officials concluded that a stay that the Supreme Court might eventually withdraw and reverse posed too much risk of disruption and confusion.

"A primary purpose of the [Homeland Security] Acting Secretary's orderly wind-down of the DACA policy was to avoid the disruptive effects on all parties of abrupt shifts in the enforcement of the Nation's immigration laws," the solicitor general wrote. "Inviting more changes before final resolution of this litigation would not further that interest."

I did not appreciate at that time the full scope of USCIS's interpretation of that order, which actually expands the scope of aliens eligible to renew their DACA status.

As a practical matter, it could (and likely would) take either of the courts considering that order (the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and in the Supreme Court) months to issue a decision, well past the original March 5, 2018 deadline.

Assume, however, that the Supreme Court stays Judge Alsup's injunction on March 4, 2018. That would leave affected aliens little time to get their affairs in order, even assuming that some action were taken with respect to the renewals granted by USCIS in the interim.

The Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) would therefore likely direct another "wind-down" of DACA, as the then-Acting Secretary did in her September 5, 2017, Memorandum on Rescission Of Deferred Action For Childhood Arrivals. Assuming that that wind-down lasted for six months (a reasonable proposition all things considered), that would mean that in a worst-case scenario for DACA beneficiaries, no alien would be affected until September 2018.

I am reluctant to cast aspersions on the press outlets that have overlooked the fairly salient point that as things stand, there is currently no DACA deadline (let alone one looming in the near future), and likely will not be one for some time. I will therefore assume that they simply poorly understand the dynamics of this somewhat complicated issue.

But any shutdown of the United States government due to a failure by the Congress to immediately address the status of those individuals would be based on an erroneous premise, that is, that DACA will expire in March, and that action to address the status of those individuals must be done quickly.

Should the Democrats decide to shut down the government because the pending continuing resolution does not address the status of DACA beneficiaries, this fact should be made clearly. The question will then become whether the harm that will be done to government employees, pensioners, the national security, and the economy as result of such shutdown was worth the regularization of the status of individuals facing no imminent removal from the United States. I cannot imagine that question being answered in the affirmative.

https://cis.org/Arthur/There-No-Deadline-DACA

Trump to extend DACA protections if Congress doesn’t legalize them by March 5th.