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Rumor mill has laborers lying low
Deportation fears said to be high in wake of new law


By BRIAN FEAGANS
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Published on: 05/14/06
Day laborer Orlando Rojas, standing in the Dunkin' Donuts parking lot near Norcross, stared down as the Gwinnett Police officer lectured him about loitering.

"You come back here again," said Cpl. Scott Pihera, tapping the hood of his squad car, "you go with me."

Rojas, 41, stuffed a written warning into his pocket as if it were the last straw. "I'm leaving," said Rojas, a native of Peru. "To the north, maybe to Montana."

If so, Rojas will join what some believe is an emerging exodus of the state's most mobile illegal immigrants after crackdowns — both real and imagined — in Georgia.

The boot-clad day laborers, many of whom are in the country illegally, have nearly disappeared from two of the usual spots along Powder Springs Road in Cobb County. Their numbers are down significantly at some, but not all, gathering spots in Gwinnett. That includes the lot by Dunkin' Donuts, which has roughly a third as many laborers as usual, restaurant staffers said.

Police aren't focusing on the laborers more now, said Rojas and other day laborers. It's the employers who have changed. Crew chiefs have grown increasingly skittish about hiring illegal immigrants, they said, prompting more workers to try places like Florida and New Orleans instead.

"I think people are just moving to another state," said Maria Garcia, who runs a labor hall in Duluth as director of Hispanic Community Support. About half the usual number of workers are seeking jobs at the converted warehouse, Garcia said.

Fear of deportation is at an all-time high, she said, as rumors of raids by immigration agents sweep through the community almost daily. "I think it's created a mental sickness, where people are depressed," she said. "Who wants to be thinking any minute you're going to be arrested?"

It's all about SB 529

Others in the Latino community think that increased anxiety has simply sent the underground economy deeper underground.

Ed Cota, founder of the Clinica de la Mama network of maternity clinics, said his branches are seeing more mothers than ever. And he's heard that many contractors are making other arrangements, such as getting the phone numbers of day laborers and picking them up at home.

"Until this blows over, you're not going to see them so much at the Home Depot down at Lindbergh Plaza," Cota said, referring to a traditional pickup spot in Atlanta.

An estimated 250,000 to 800,000 illegal immigrants are in Georgia, and more than 11 million are in the nation. Most are hired far from busy street corners, slipping quietly into jobs at restaurants, farms and other businesses seeking low-skill, low-wage labor.

Most visible are those illegal immigrants who gather early in the morning at dozens of spots across metro Atlanta to wait for contractors and homeowners in search of a helping hand.

The day laborers attribute the increased anxiety of employers to well-publicized immigration raids on 40 pallet-making plants across the country last month, including one that netted 44 arrests in Atlanta. They also cite Senate Bill 529, a get-tough-on-illegal-immigrants measure signed into law by Gov. Sonny Perdue in April.

The Georgia Security and Immigration Compliance Act has yet to take effect, however. And its original sponsor, Sen. Chip Rogers (R-Woodstock), concedes the act poses no increased legal risk to employers who use illegal immigrants.

The law will make it harder for employers to deduct illegal immigrant wages from their state taxes. It also requires illegal immigrants jailed for a felony or driving under the influence to be reported to immigration officials.

One oft-misinterpreted provision reiterates that law enforcement officers in Georgia can seek federal training to enforce immigration laws. None has yet.

Rogers said the perception that police are on the lookout for illegal immigrants and the people who hire them is a bonus. "If we're making people who are violating the law fear law enforcement," Rogers said, "then I think we're doing our job."

Gwinnett police spokesman Cpl. Darren Moloney said the department isn't targeting illegal immigrants. The only thing that's changed, he said, is the number of wild rumors about imminent roundups. "I've been dealing with urban legends ever since they proposed [SB 529]," he said.

Signs of anxiety

Clara Herrera, a school readiness coordinator at Rockbridge Elementary, wonders whether the increased anxiety held down early kindergarten enrollment at the Norcross-area school earlier this month. Only 60 children signed up, she said, down from 100 kids on enrollment day last year at the school, which is 64 percent Hispanic.

Recent redistricting may have contributed some to the drop off, but Herrera said she senses more families are shying away from large events and, in a few cases, planning to move. "Last year we had long lines all day," she said.

Efren Olivares, of Duluth, said the remodeling company where he's worked the past three years let him and 15 others go last month because they couldn't prove they were here legally. The Mexico native said the company feared a review of its employment records in light of the renewed focus on illegal immigration at the state and federal level.

"The new law has affected me," Olivares said Friday as he waited for work at the labor hall in Duluth.

The employer angst was evident Wednesday as a yellow moving van pulled into a Chevron parking lot where about three dozen day laborers were waiting near Norcross. At first the driver said he needed several workers. But, upon spotting a police car in the distance, he waved the laborers off and peeled out of the lot. "He's scared," said Ramon Cordova, who watched in disappointment as another potential job rolled down South Norcross Tucker Road.

Cordova, a native of Guanajuato, Mexico, lifted his dark shades to reveal an eye he said was damaged beyond repair two months ago as he crossed the border in southwestern Texas. A tree branch snapped back into his eyeball as he groped through thick forest, he said.

Cordova, who has entered the United States illegally several times before, said he's never had such a hard time finding work. If something doesn't change soon, Cordova said, he's going back to Guanajuato.