Thread: Smoking Gun: The HAARP and Chemtrails Connection

Wednesday, August 8, 2012
Smoking Gun: The HAARP and Chemtrails Connection
No matter how deeply disturbing the thought of using the environment to manipulate behavior for national advantage is to some, the technology permitting such use will very probably develop within the next few decades. - Dr. Gordon J.F. MacDonald 1968

Dees Illustration
Peter A. Kirby, Contributor
Activist Post

Located on an United States Air Force site near Gakona, Alaska, the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Project (HAARP) is the world's largest and most functional ionospheric heater. Construction began in 1993. Today, HAARP can generate super high powered beams of directed energy. HAARP is designed to shoot these energy beams 200 kilometers up into the sky; affecting an area known as earth's ionosphere. In doing this, HAARP can perform a number of functions.

The known uses of HAARP are: weather modification, power beaming, earth tomography (mapping of our planet's interior), Star Wars-type defense capabilities, enhanced communications, communication disruptions and mind control. For an in-depth discussion about what HAARP does and how it does it, you must read the 1995 book Angels Don't Play this HAARP by Dr. Nick Begich and journalist Jeane Manning. You can freely access a searchable .pdf here: http://freedomfchs.com/adpthaarp.pdf

Although lesser ionospheric heaters do not generate energy beams as powerful or possess the same functionality as HAARP, similar facilities are located around the world. Along with a smaller facility located near Fairbanks, Alaska, other ionospheric heater locations include: Puerto Rico, Norway, Russia, Tajikistan, Peru and the Middle East. The latest word is that Russia, China and the United States have set up HAARP-like facilities in Antarctica. (Source)

In order to increase functionality and effectiveness, ionospheric heaters are used in combination.


The HAARP website explains the differences between HAARP and other ionospheric heaters like this, "HAARP is unique to most existing facilities due to the combination of a research tool which provides electronic beam steering, wide frequency coverage and high effective radiated power collocated with a diverse suite of scientific observational instruments." HAARP can be remotely operated. HAARP employs technology originally envisioned and demonstrated by American inventor Nikola Tesla.

HAARP is jointly managed by the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Navy and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in conjunction with the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Here's more from the HAARP website:

Technical expertise and procurement services as required for the management, administration and evaluation of the program are being provided cooperatively by the Air Force (Air Force Research Laboratory), the Navy (Office of Naval Research and Naval Research Laboratory), and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Since the HAARP facility consists of many individual items of scientific equipment, both large and small, there is a considerable list of commercial, academic and government organizations which are contributing to the building of the facility by developing scientific diagnostic instrumentation and by providing guidance in the specification, design and development of the IRI [HAARP]. BAE Advanced Technologies (BAEAT) is the prime contractor for the design and construction of the IRI. Other organizations which have contributed to the program include the University of Alaska, Stanford University, Cornell University, University of Massachusetts, UCLA, MIT, Dartmouth University, Clemson University, Penn State University, University of Tulsa, University of Maryland, SRI International, Northwest Research Associates, Inc., and Geospace, Inc.

The HAARP website notes that, "...major construction at the facility was completed during 2007."

12 U.S. patents are commonly recognized as applicable. A man named Dr. Bernard Eastlund is listed as the inventor on two of these patents and a co-inventor on another. Dr. Eastlund is commonly acknowledged as the inventor of HAARP.

The 12 HAARP patents were all assigned to ARCO Power Technologies Incorporated (APTI); a subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO). APTI also won the initial contract to build HAARP. In 1994, APTI was sold to a company called E-Systems. E-Systems then changed APTI's name to Advanced Power Technologies Incorporated. Largely involved in communications and information systems, E-Systems gets most of its business from and has extensive ties to the National Security Agency and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1995, Raytheon acquired E-Systems. Raytheon, the defense contracting behemoth, now holds all 12 HAARP patents.

Weather Modification

As far back as 1958, the chief White House advisor on weather modification, Captain Howard T. Orville, said the U.S. defense department was studying “ways to manipulate the charges of the earth and sky and so affect the weather” by using an electronic beam to ionize or de-ionize the atmosphere over a given area.

The seminal 1996 Air Force report 'Owning the Weather 2025' outlines a weather modification program utilizing ground based support such as HAARP.

Let us reference a passage from Nick Begich and Jeane Manning's book Angels Don't Play this HAARP:

Eastlund's enthusiasm for planetary-scale engineering came through just as clearly in an interview with Omni Magazine. While acknowledging that many of the uses of his invention are warlike, he also talked about 'more benign' uses. His view of benign included using the technology to reroute the high-altitude jet stream, which is a major player in shaping global weather. Another way to control the weather with his technology would be to build 'plumes of atmospheric particles to act as a lens or focusing device' for sunlight, he told Omni. With this, the people controlling the antennae could aim in such a way that the return beams would hit a certain part of the earth. With the heating ability, they could experiment until they could control wind patterns in a specific place.

The Omni article explained. 'What this means, he says, is that by controlling local weather patterns one could, say, bring rain to Ethiopia or alter the summer storm pattern in the Caribbean.'

United States patent #4,686,605 'Method and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the Earth's Atmosphere, Ionosphere and/or Magnetosphere' is one of the 12 HAARP patents. Dr. Eastlund is credited as the inventor. It states, "Weather modification is possible by, for example, altering upper atmosphere wind patterns or altering solar absorption patterns by constructing one or more plumes of atmospheric particles which will act as a lens or focusing device."

I know that quote on the surface looks like a connection between HAARP and chemtrails, but, before we think we have the smoking gun, realize that they are probably talking about particles precipitated from the ionosphere forming a lens without the need of chemtrails; as outlined elsewhere in the patent. The good news is, the patent goes on:

Also as alluded to earlier, molecular modifications of the atmosphere can take place so that positive environmental effects can be achieved. Besides actually changing the molecular composition of an atmospheric region, a particular molecule or molecules can be chosen for increased presence. For example, ozone, nitrogen, etc. concentrations in the atmosphere could be artificially increased. Similarly, environmental enhancement could be achieved by causing the breakup of various chemical entities such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxides, and the like. Transportation of entities can also be realized when advantage is taken of the drag effects caused by regions of the atmosphere moving up along diverging field lines. Small micron sized particles can be then transported, and, under certain circumstances and with the availability of sufficient energy, larger particles or objects could be similarly affected.

That, my friends is a smoking gun. They are talking about introducing small particles into the atmosphere and then using HAARP to move them and the matter around them for the purpose of weather modification.

HAARP can be used in conjunction with chemtrails in order to modify the weather. Disbursed metallic particles such as aluminum, barium and strontium (the main chemtrail ingredients) may increase the atmosphere's conductivity and therefore enhance HAARP's weather modification performance.

A grand history of releasing stuff into the atmosphere as part of scientific research exists.

In the early 1960s our U.S. military dumped 350,000 2-4cm copper needles into the ionosphere attempting to create a 'telecommunications shield.'

The HAARP executive summary says:

DOD [Department of Defense] agencies already have on-going efforts in the broad area of active ionospheric experiments, including ionospheric enhancements. These include both space and ground based approaches. The space-based efforts include chemical releases (e.g., the Air Force's Brazilian Ionospheric Modification Experiment, BIME; the Navy's RED AIR program; and multi-agency participation in the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite, CERES).

Patent #4,686,605's description states, "It has also been proposed to release large clouds of barium in the magnetosphere so that photoionization will increase the cold plasma density, thereby producing electron precipitation through enhanced whistler-mode interaction." Barium is the second most common chemtrail ingredient.

These chemical releases are not all necessarily chemtrails, but they show our military's extensive atmospheric chemical release activities involving ground and space based monitoring and support.

Lastly, let us refer again to Angels Don't Play this HAARP:

...there is a super-powerful electrical connection between the ionosphere and the part of the atmosphere where our weather comes onstage, the lower atmosphere. Furthermore, scientific theories describe how the electrical energetic levels of the atmosphere are connected to cloud processes.

Chemtrails may enhance this connection between the lower and upper atmosphere. Then, when HAARP manipulates the ionosphere, the lower areas of the atmosphere (where our weather happens) can be manipulated accordingly.

Power Beaming

United States patent #5,068,669 titled 'Power Beaming System' outlines the technical details of how to remotely power airplanes.

Let us refer to a passage from 'Angels Don't Play this HAARP.' Dr. Nick Begich and Jeane Manning reference an 'Aviation Week' article:

This 'Star Wars' technology developed by ARCO Power Technologies, Incorporated [patent #5,068,669's assignee] was used in a microwaved-powered aircraft. The aircraft was reported to be able to stay aloft for up to 10,000 hours at 80,000 foot altitudes in a single mission. This craft was envisioned as a surveillance platform. The craft had no need for refueling because the energy was beamed to it and then converted to electrical energy for use by the aircraft. Flight tests were undertaken at Tyendinga Airport near Kingston, Ontario, Canada in the early 1990's. This test by APTI most likely involved this patent...

If HAARP is powering the chemtrail airplanes, this would be a great logistical advantage as the planes would not need to be grounded for fueling. The airplanes would probably only need to be grounded for payload and maintenance and therefore could remain in the sky, performing their functions without interruption for long periods of time. This would also be an advantage because the more time these planes spend in the air, the less chance there is of the program being exposed. It's incredibly difficult (as this author has learned) to expose something going on at 40,000 ft. in the sky. The power beaming need not be constant as the airplanes could utilize capacitors.

Little HAARPs

It is reported that smaller, mobile versions of HAARP exist.

Let us refer again to Angels Don't Play this HAARP:

Is it possible that the HAARP scientists could have miniaturized the technology so that they don't need such a large area of land and electrical power as called for in Eastlund's pattents? Manning asked him.

"It's entirely possible," he [Eastlund] replied. "They have had a lot of good engineers working on it for some time. I would hope they have improved it."

Aviation Week reports in 2008 that the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is developing an airborne version of HAARP. BAE Systems, the article tells us, is to demonstrate this unit by towing it, 'behind a helicopter.'

Here is a picture of what is described as a mobile HAARP ship:



J. L. Navarro: HAARP to blame for Japan quake?...

It has been speculated that this HAARP ship was used to trigger the March 2011 magnitude 9.0 Japan earthquake.

There may be many HAAARP-like facilities of which we are not aware. There may be HAARP-like technology all around us! As noted earlier, ionospheric heaters such as HAARP are used in combination to increase capabilities and effectiveness.

A little HAARP atop the Rocky Mountains at North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) might work well. This is also the location from which I speculate the airplanes are commanded.

A Pattern of Deception

When it comes to HAARP, our government has shown a pattern of denial and obfuscation. In many instances, the HAARP website and the military contradict each other and/or the authors of 'Angels Don't Play this HAARP.'

The HAARP website claims that HAARP is not used for weather modification and the military has never admitted to these capabilities. The patents, Nick Begich, Jeane Manning and the European parliament say HAARP can modify the weather.

Although the HAARP website claims experiments are only being carried out in a relatively small portion of the ionosphere directly over the facility, the HAARP executive summary says, "For broader military applications, the potential for significantly altering regions of the ionosphere at relatively great distances (1000 km or more) from a [ionospheric] heater is very desirable."

The HAARP website claims that HAARP does not make holes in the ionosphere. The European parliament and the authors of Angels Don't Play this HAARP say it does.

The HAARP website and the military deny that HAARP is a 'Star Wars' defense type weapon. The European parliament and the authors of Angels Don't Play this HAARP insist it is; the patents support their position. Angels says:

In February, 1995, the Star Wars missile defense shield was supposed to be dead. The United States House of Representatives by a 218 to 212 voted to kill the program. Yet HAARP continues on while the motives of the military are hidden from the world.

The military and the HAARP website both claim that HAARP is not a classified project, but leaked documents show that the military planners intend to keep the program under wraps.

The HAARP website contradicts itself about military involvement. In their self-description, they say they are a military project, but in the FAQs, they say HAARP is, "not designed to be an operational system for military purposes." All this while the military's executive summary says HAARP is to 'exploit' ionospheric processes for Department of Defense purposes.

Dr. Eastlund has contradicted the official military position many times. Even though they have been exhaustively proven, our military denies connections between Eastlund, APTI and HAARP. Eastlund himself said in a 1988 NPR interview that the military had tested some of the ideas presented in the patents. According to Dr. Begich and Jeane Manning:

Eastlund said in a 1988 radio interview that the defense department had done a lot of work on his concepts, but he was not at liberty to give details. He later told Manning that after he had worked within ARCO for a year and applied for patents, Defense Advanced Research Project agency (DARPA) had combed through his theories then gave out a contract for him to study how to generate the relativistic (light speed) electrons in the ionosphere.

Here's more about Eastlund from Angels:

Eastlund told Chadwick of National Public Radio that the patent should have been kept under government secrecy. He said he had been unhappy that it was issued publicly, but, as he understood it, the patent office does not keep basic 'fundamental information' secret. 'You don't get a patent if you don't describe in enough detail to another person how to use it,' he said. Specifics of military applications of his patent remain proprietary (secret), he added.

I guess it's just a matter of who you trust. I choose to trust the patents, Nick Begich and Jeane Manning because, about HAARP, the government has been caught lying. To my knowledge, the authors of 'Angels Don't Play this HAARP' have not once yet been found to be lying. The patents speak for themselves.

Conclusions

Even the technocratic European parliament found serious concerns about HAARP. A 1999 European parliament committee report, after hearing Dr. Nick Begich and others, concluded:

[the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Protection] Regards the US military ionospheric manipulation system, HAARP, based in Alaska, which is only a part of the development and deployment of electromagnetic weaponry for both external and internal security use, as an example of the most serious emerging military threat to the global environment and human health, as it seeks to interfere with the highly sensitive and energetic section of the biosphere for military purposes, while all of its consequences are not clear, and calls on the Commission, Council and the Member States to press the US Government, Russia and any other state involved in such activities to cease them, leading to a global convention against such weaponry;

I speculate that HAARP, when and if used for nefarious purposes (such as weather modification in co-operation with chemtrails), is remotely operated from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory and/or Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. During my humble investigation, I found that these three locations have produced much of the leading research and development. HAARP is an incredibly high-tech machine. You need highly skilled scientists and engineers to run the thing. The best place to run HAARP would be from a laboratory where the technology was developed. Also, most people (top scientists included) are generally not so hot about relocating to the wilds of Alaska. As noted earlier, HAARP can be remotely operated.

We know HAARP can modify the weather. If one could, don't you think they would? Weather control is god-like power. Chemtrails may be sprayed to enhance the effectiveness of these operations. If this is the case, our government's pattern of lying and obfuscation about HAARP makes perfect sense and is consistent with behavior exhibited by others associated with every aspect of chemtrails, geoengineering and the related activities I outline.

RELATED ACTIVIST POST ARTICLE:
Weather Wars and the Devil's HAARP

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Notes:
- Unless Peace Comes book edited by Nigel Calder, Viking Press 1968

- Angels Don't Play this HAARP book by Dr. Nick Begich and Jeane Manning, Earthpulse Press 1995

-United States patent #4,686,605 'Method and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the Earth's Atmosphere, Ionosphere and/or Magnetosphere' assigned to ARCO Power Technologies Incorporated 1987

-United States patent #5,068,669 'Power Beaming System' assigned to ARCO Power Technologies Incorporated 1991

-'HAARP HF Active Auroral Research Program: Joint Services Program Plans and Activities' report by the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory and the Navy Office of Naval Research 1990

-'Equatorial Ionospheric Irregularities Produced by the Brazilian Ionospheric Modification Experiment (BIME)' report by J.A. Klobuchar and M.A. Abdu Journal of Geophysical Research vol. 94, no. A3 1989

-'Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System CERES' report by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1999

-'DARPA at 50' Aviation Week Aug. 18, 2008

-European parliament report on the environment, security and foreign policy: Committee on Foreign Affairs, Security and Defense Policy January 14, 1999

-'Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather 2025' report by the United States Air Force 1996

-'Holes in Heaven: HAARP and Advances in Tesla Technology' video by Paula Randol-Smith Productions and Gallina Projects 1998*

-'Angels Still Don't Play this HAARP' video by Dr. Nick Begich, Earthpulse Press, Swenson Media Group 2006*

*available for free on YouTube

Websites:
haarp.alaska.edu/haarp
aviationweek.com
raytheon.com
earthpulse.com
darpa.mil
onr.navy.mil
naic.edu
wpafb.af.mil
norad.mil
llnl.gov
lanl.gov
wpafb.af.mil
gi.alaska.edu
nwra.com
bellgeo.com
sri.com

Peter A. Kirby is a San Rafael, CA author and activist. Check out his ebook Chemtrails Exposed.

Chemtrails Exposed: Peter A. Kirby: Amazon.com: Kindle Store

Activist Post: Smoking Gun: The HAARP and Chemtrails Connection

HAARP Destroying Polar Ice Cap

Wednesday, August 15, 2012 12:48


The incredible HAARP project now spreading across the globe has investigators scrambling. Evidence has built during the past decade that applications of HAARP employing advanced Tesla technology are manipulating weather, modifying the climate, triggering artificial earthquakes, and—according to one physcist—experimenting with the basic nature of spacetime.


Recently amazing new evidence has come to light that a massive new project linking HAARP to a mysterious pyramid at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean may be generating incredible power that could pose a danger to the world. And now researchers have dug up evidence that another strange pyramid buried deep under the permafrost of northern Alaska exists. Ominously, it is not far from the HAARP installation and could conceivably be used as part of the advanced power grid of ancient pyramids around the world that seem to be systematically activated releasing raw thunderbolts of plasma energy into the disturbed ionosphere and far, far beyond.

Most stunning of all is the emerging evidence that the high energy power grid is re-directing the electrical power slamming into the ionosphere from the increasingly violent sun and using it to intensify the raging Arctic Vortex storm. The whirling vortex—a virtual hurricane over the North Pole—is destroying the ice, breaking up the Arctic cap and transforming it into what one amazed scientist calls a veritable ‘slush.’

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Tesla pyramids once powered the Earth

Investigators across four continents have compiled evidence and data-sets leading to the conclusion that the HAARP science project is much more than an installation designed to study the properties of the Earth’s ionosphere. Intense research by many knowledgeable investigators and scientists outside the project has revealed strong evidence of geological manipulation on a planetary scale.


Some have been able to tie the early work of genius Nicola Tesla to the current HAARP experiments of weather manipulation and geomagnetic tampering. A network of HAARP installations has been mushrooming up around the globe with installations appearing as far away as Australia and the Antarctic. [See Antarctic HAARP Activation]


The implications that HAARP can be weaponized is fully understood by Russia and China. They too have rushed to create their own HAARP grids located on their own territories and in distant outposts. [See HAARP Wars]


But the longer term implications of a planetary weapon network take on a much more sinister and dangerous aspect with the recent revelations that HAARP can activate long dormant pyramids, re-energizing them and drawing upon—even directing—the mighty structures’ latent energies.


Pyramids: super power generators

More than one researcher, including some electrical engineers, have made the case that some of the more ancient pyramids are actually gigantic machines that generate power. Some have even built models that prove their contention that pyramidal structures are natural reservoirs of energy and can act as huge capacitors and generators of electricity.

Among the first to propose the theory was Christopher Dunn. He introduced the theory to the world with his article Advanced Machining in Ancient Egypt that revealed machining techniques far more sophisticated than most orthodox Eqyptologists realized.

Evidence exists that part of the energy that accumulates within pyramids may be hyperdimensional in nature. Some researchers suspect that pyramid energy vortices are creating torsion fields and generating energetic scalar waves.




Recently some of the world’s great pyramids shot incredible energy beams into space.



HAARP reactivating the pyramid power network

Like the vestiges of undersea cities, undersea pyramids exist. Some have been located off the coast of Japan, under the waters of the Caribbean, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and at the bottom of the Atlantic by ocean explorer Tony Benik. Who built these mysterious pyramids and how did they come to be on the bottom of the ocean floor?

No one knows.

The technology is ancient and may be based on physics from 50,000 years ago that today’s re-emerging science can only guess at.


Unleashing the torsion field genies trapped inside the sleeping pyramids may unleash cascading events that could eventually prove uncontrollable.

Nevertheless, HAARP forges ahead. [See HAARP Triggering Pyramid Energy



Geoengineering the Pole

How can anyone or anything get away with geoengineering the polar ice cap and expect to avoid detection? They can do it by using high-energy scalar waves directing the power of the turbulent sun through the radio frequency sensitive ionopshere and focusing it all upon the highest latitudes.

The result is interpreted by climatologists as global warming or climate change. Few suspect the break up of Arctic ice is being caused artificially. Fewer still truly understand the ramifications and reasoning behind such a systematic destruction of the ice cap.

David Talbott of Thunderbolts.info observes: "Thousands of amperes flow beneath the surface [of the Earth], varying according to conductivity. Since the Sun can affect Earth’s magnetic field through geomagnetic storms, fluctuations in telluric currents can occur when there is an increase in sunspots or solar flares, because they create oscillations through the mesosphere into the ionosphere.“

The oscillations created by the disturbed and energized ionosphere, drawing power from the angry sun and intensified by the HAARP technology, propigates scalar waves through the permutation of the telluric currents below the ground.

The rising heat caused by the rising energy serves to intensify the Arctic Polar Vortex churning it into a historic frenzy that’s speeding the breakup of Arctic ice and destruction of the polar ice cap.

What is the ultimate objective? A dubious scientific experiment? A bold bid to control the weather? Or is it to achieve the navy’s desire of an ice-free passage through the formerly icebound top of the world?

To a degree, it’s all of those and much more. The ultimate goal is not to free up the ice to create a passage, but to remove the ice making what’s deep below it easily accessible: oil and minerals worth trillions of dollars. A veritable treasure trove of some of the Earth’s most sought after riches lies under the Arctic ice.

Ice free waters and trillions in resources

The U.S. Navy has drawn plans for a mighty Arctic fleet navigating the waters an ice cap once occupied. They boast the Arctic will be free of ice before 2025. Is it wishful thinking? Belief in man-made global warming? Or knowledge of the HAARP project’s systematic destruction of the North Pole?



A matter of control

Just how controllable is the energy that’s being released? Has HAARP already lost control of the Polar Vortex over the Arctic? It may be that the Masters have pushed too far, too fast. After all, the total destruction of North Pole ice means an unmitigated disaster for much of the Northern Hemisphere: massive climate change, reduction of ocean salinity affecting major currents including the shutting down of the Gulf Stream that keeps the British Isles warm, and crop failures on an Apocalyptic scale that puts the current drought to shame.

Millions could starve.

The legacy of toying with supersciences not fully understood can lead to mayhem and misery instead of mastery.
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HAARP Destroying Polar Ice Cap | Science and Technology



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Congressional Statement on Radio Frequency Weaponry
Thursday, December 20, 2012 4:49



Statement by Lieutenant General Robert L. Schweitzer
U.S. Army (Retired)
before the
Joint Economic Committee
United States Congress
June 17, 1997


Radio Frequency Weapons and the Infrastructure

I have been asked to talk to the overall subject of your hearing from a somewhat different perspective. Initially, it was to be from the one of what technology transfer means to a soldier. That part would have been fairly simple to address. Field soldiers are too busy to think much, if at all, about such transfers. That is, until they run across them on a battlefield where U.S. technology or materiel is being used against them. That happened in World War II when the residue of simpler technologies in the form of scrap metal was employed against us in the Pacific. It happened in Vietnam when some of our weaponry was obtained by our adversary. It happened again in Desert Storm when we ran across containers of U.S. materiel in the hands of Saddam Hussein’s soldiers, materiel which had been channeled through Jordan. Then the fleeting reaction is one of anger and “why?” But soldiers–placed as they are since the time of the Roman legions in the sand, mud, rain and snow to fight decisive battles–are really too busy to brood much about such things. They are, however, grateful when Congress acts ahead of time to bar technology transfers, not only the simple ones of which I speak but the more serious, albeit subtle ones, which can affect the outcome of battles and wars.
Today there is a new class of radically new and important radio frequency weapons (RFW) which merits your attention as it emerges. And in this case, the horse is out of the barn. Transfers have occurred and are occurring. Equally true, however, is the fact that there are things that can be done to protect our nation, which is the underlying objective of today’s hearing. Certainly one of these things is to recognize that export control documents, particularly the Militarily Critical Technologies List, needs to be reviewed to determine if radio frequency technologies should be considered in the same careful way we do nuclear technologies. I respectfully suggest that this is the case; stronger controls are needed. One example is Reltron tubes which went to a friendly nation, one who sells products widely–sometimes to nations who do not like us. These tubes, which can be small or large, generate intense radio frequency pulses and can be used as RF weapons.
Before we go further I wish to state clearly for you and for the public record that I do not speak for the Department of Defense, for any military service or any government agency. I come before you only as one who has researched this area for the past year and is writing a White Paper on the subject, one which will be offered to DoD for their use and disposition.
Some of you may know about radio frequency weapons, where they came from, what they can do and what the implications are.
Although there are a number of groups and individuals concerned with this subject, I have found that somewhat paradoxically the word has not really gotten out in Washington itself. Despite the existence of a Presidential commission, an Infrastructure Protection Task Force, a Critical Infrastructure Working Group, an Information Warfare School at the National Defense University, and other working groups, to include divisions on the Joint Staff in the Pentagon, as well as a few very dedicated and brilliant mid-level people in DoD, a general understanding is lacking. This is true not only of RFW, but of their immediate threat to our DoD and national infrastructure. Indeed the term “infrastructure” is so amorphous that it lacks impact if not meaning. One of our first tasks will be to define what is the military and economic infrastructure and what in it is susceptible and vulnerable to RF weapons.
Some 90 to 100 references in 26 pages of the 70-page Quadrennial Defense Review speak to this new threat, but only to a discerning reader; the name for the class is not used. On the other hand, a recent search of the Internet found 2,400 to 2,800 references, while yet another, more thorough search found many tens of thousands of documents where the key words “radio frequency weapons” appear. Some very good people have written books and articles on the subject, the first revealing article known to me appeared in 1987 in the Atlantic Monthly, but for many reasons the knowledge is diffused. In the public sector the subject has yet to draw any real attention or concerted action.
To help set the stage, recognize with experts like a former NSA Director that we are the most vulnerable nation on earth to electronic warfare. This thought is echoed by a former CIA Deputy Director, and a former Deputy Attorney General who forecast that we will have an electronic Pearl Harbor if we do not accept a wake up call. Our vulnerability arises from the fact that we are the most advanced nation electronically and the greatest user of electricity in the world.
On the military side, as in the civilian sector, our current superiority is based on microelectronics. To prevail against us, an adversary must cripple, destroy or deny access to those same microelectronics. Can an adversary do so? Very likely, as this hearing will bring out. All of our military doctrine assumes extensive use of sophisticated electronics and communication systems to ensure information dominance and overwhelming battlefield success. As is the case with our civilian infrastructure and economy, our current dependence is large and will continue to grow. Because our battlefield success and the well being of our civilian economy–with which this committee is especially charged�-are so dependent upon the effectiveness of our microelectronic-based systems, we should fully understand any technology that might be used to defeat our systems. This is particularly true of the newly emerging threat of radio frequency weapons. And even more importantly, we must develop countermeasures before such weapons are used against us.
Before going further, let me explain what these weapons are, where the Russian work has gone since 1949 and the applications of these weapons. If you are interested–as I believe you will be–you may wish to bring before you successive panels of our own leading scientists and experts. I have talked to many of them, heard them make presentations at conferences, and read their articles and books. I will be pleased to provide your staff with names of those who could provide this or other committees with a better understanding. I am also willing to assist in any way that might be helpful.
First of all, an RF weapon is one that uses intense pulses of RF energy to destroy (“burnout”) or degrade (“upset”) the electronics in a target. These weapons can be employed on a narrow beam over a long distance to a point target. They are also able to cover broad targets. They are categorized as high power microwave (HPM) weapons and ultra wide band (UWB) weapons.
The phrase non-nuclear electromagnetic pulse is sometimes used, because these weapons, which are indeed non-nuclear, project the same type of pulse we first learned of in conjunction with nuclear weapons. As a practical matter, a piece of electronic gear on the ground, in a vehicle, ship or plane does not really care whether it is hit by a nuclear magnetic pulse or a non-nuclear one. The effect is the same. It burns out the electronics. The same is true of the computers in this Senate office building, in industry, or on Wall Street.
There is another way these weapons can be delivered to a target, military or civilian. Here the term RF munitions, or RFM is used. Yet these too are properly called RF weapons. These small munitions contain high explosives that produce radio frequency energy as their primary kill mechanism. In the hands of the skilled Russian scientists, these munitions come as hand grenades, mortar rounds, or large artillery shells or missiles. Generally, they produce a short but very intense pulse. While not yet fully understood and with some uncertainties argued as to their capabilities, many scientists are convinced the weapons actually exist. Without making any claims as to what they can do, I offer the following list from open source FSU literature of some nine smaller RF munitions or weapons:

• Magnetohydrodynamic Generator Frequency (MHDGF)
  
• Explosive Magnetic Generator of Frequency (EMGF)
  
• Implosive Magnetic Generator of Frequency (IMGF)
  
• Cylindrical Shock Wave Source (CSWS)
  
• Spherical Shock Wave Source (SSWS)
  
• Ferromagnetic Generator of Frequency (FMGF)
  
• Superconductive Former of Magnetic Field Shock Wave (SFMFSW)
  
• Piezoelectric Generator of Frequency (PEGF)
  
• Superconducting Ring Burst Generator (SCRBG)

Some of these weapons are said by the Russians to be now available as a hand grenade, a briefcase-like object, a mortar or artillery round.
Applications or potential targets (like those of the larger High Power Microwave weapons) would include all military computers, circuit boards, or chips, of any description, and include the following key components of our military and national infrastructure. They would have equal impact on civilian targets with the advantage less power would be required. Recall that the term “infrastructure” lacks clear meaning, but would include things like:

• The national telecommunications systems
• The national power grid
• The national transportation system, to include especially the FAA but also such simple things as our traffic lights (with consequent gridlock)
• The mass media
• Oil and gas control and refining
• Manufacturing processing, inventory control, shipment and tracking
• Public works
• Civil emergency service
• Finance and banking systems (to include bank’s ability to dispense cash)

This list of potentially vulnerable targets could and should be extended to include airplanes, ships, vehicles and the like. Of interest is the fact that we are doubly vulnerable because we are, and will remain, in an era of dual use of military and civilian systems. For example, 90% of our military communications now passes over public networks. If an electromagnetic pulse takes out the telephone systems, we are in deep double trouble because our military and non-military nets are virtually inseparable. It is almost equally impossible to distinguish between the U.S. national telecommunications network and the global one. What this means is that it is finally becoming possible to do what Sun Tzu wrote about 2000 years ago: to conquer an enemy without fighting. The paradigm of war may well be changing. If you can take out the civilian economic infrastructure of a nation, then that nation in addition to not being able to function internally cannot deploy its military by air or sea, or supply them with any real effectiveness–if at all. Since 1949, the intense interest of the former Soviet Union in developing these weapons appears to have resulted from their recognition that they could not match the capability of Western electronics, and their belief that RFW have the potential to be effective against our sophisticated electronics. It is far less clear to me and to others why they are willing to transfer and proliferate the RF technologies they have developed so carefully and so well, but that they are clearly doing so. Should you wish, a future hearing by this or another committee could go into more detail.
President Yeltsin proposed to President Clinton a joint program for a “plasmoid defense” against ICBM’s. While it is unclear to many scientists what President Yeltsin meant, such a defense, if attainable, might presumably set up a shield which would ionize the atmosphere and cause missiles to fail. Official Russian journals and publications show keen interest and provide many details about these weapons. A great amount of information is flowing continuously from three former Soviet Republics on their past and current programs.
We do know that the reduction in military spending by the FSU and many Western nations is prompting the defense industries of many countries to offer advanced weaponry to foreign customers to further their own research, development and industrial capabilities. This trend is almost certain to grow over the next 10 years.
From unclassified sources, we know that Russia, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, China, Australia and France are well ahead in this field, while Germany, Sweden, South Korea, Taiwan and Israel are emerging and have ample details of the Russian work and of the proceedings of more than 20 years of international conferences. Without going into any classified matters one may reasonably infer that the pariah nations have similar interests and some certainly have the financial resources to develop or procure RF weapons.
Russian and FSU information on RFW has been moving across borders for many years. International conferences beginning in 1949 have been a principal source of technology transfer. Scientists here and abroad have long exchanged papers, letters and, with increasing frequency, telephone calls.

• The first Megagaussing Conference on the generation of high power electromagnetic pulses took place in 1949 in Frascati, Italy. Russian scientists were key players in what has become a long series of presentations on the generation of electromagnetic power. Present at this and many subsequent conferences was the U.S. inventor of RF weapons, Dr. Max Fowler. His picture was placed over the center of the Moscow desk of one of his Russian counterparts who is a leader in the Russian development of the smaller version of these weapons. The latter is a key figure in the offer to sell RFW and RFM or their technologies to others.
• EUROEM Conferences have been meeting (with name changes) for perhaps some 20 years at about two-year intervals. At the 1994 conference which was held in Bordeaux, France, the Russians made public many details of their long work in these weapons. Some of their papers deal with the strategy, tactics and techniques for the use of offensive RF weapons. Among nations participating were Iran and Iraq. At this conference the Russians talked about selling their technology and weapons to prospective buyers. I am told that subsequently a large number of nations have engaged them in some form of negotiations. Some of these “buyers” raise legitimate concerns.
• The BEAMS conference (with name changes) has been meeting about every two years since 1975.
• The EUROEM Conference met in Albuquerque in 1996; the BEAMS Conference met that same year, I believe in Prague. Attendance was open to all nations.
• The next EUROEM and BEAMS conferences will meet in 1998 in the Middle East, two weeks apart in Tel Aviv and Haifa, respectively.
• An International Pulse Power Conference held their tenth conference under that name in 1995, but has existed under other names for a longer period of time.
• The International Particle Accelerator Conference has also met for more than 20 years.
• The American Physical Society has a Plasma Physics Division which hosted (for more than 20 years) many conferences. Usually each one has several sessions on microwave generation.
• And there are more. . .

Understanding the number, frequency and long standing nature of these conferences, you can perhaps better appreciate why I earlier said that the horse is out of the barn. Of interest, too, is the role of the United States in these conferences. Indisputably, the U.S. is the scientific powerhouse of the world. We have initiated and hosted a number of these conferences, funded many of them to a significant degree, and played a prominent role at all. While we gain some information, our scientists will readily acknowledge the net advantage is always to other attendees.
Put another way, from a narrow technology transfer standpoint we have thus far lost more than we gained. However, even prior to the Internet no one could control the flow of ideas, especially among scientists. They like to talk especially about what they have achieved, and how they solve theoretical and practical problems. For decades our scientists have found their Russian counterparts to be brilliant, dedicated and creative. Personal relations are important and some have developed, but they are exceptional. For the most part the Russians have been ambiguous about their great work and often are mistrustful of Americans. We should move to change that by closer and warmer contacts as well as by efforts to enter into joint ventures–with all the travails that accompany such efforts. The Russians are intensely interested in our comments and some professional appreciation by their scientific peers of their decades of work on the offensive use of RF weapons. In my humble opinion they would prefer to work with our own distinguished scientists rather than others, but will sell their technology and products to others. I believe there is a real potential for joint ventures which could serve to constrain to some degree the proliferation of these weapons, especially to those who would do us harm.
To return to the earlier point about the need for better controls of technology transfer, consider these two counterpoints which illustrate the problem:

• First: Although RF weapon components are on the Critical Technologies List, there are no up to date DoD guidelines or directives on this subject. An attempt to do so was made two years ago when little was known about the subject. As a consequence, decisions within the U.S. scientific community are becoming harder and dicier to make. There is a lack of clear policy guidance and direction.
• Second: The first point is illustrated by the transfer of the Reltron microwave tubes. These tubes, which generate radio frequency power, cost a great deal of money to produce and test. The U.S. is the leader in high-power tubes and their associated power systems, but the market is really thin. Our tube industry has no current buyers here in the U.S. Without major contracts from foreign countries (France, the United Kingdom, Germany and Israel, among others), our tube industry will die. We will lose contact with real customers and become dependent on foreign hardware for our systems. Ultimately we will increase the difficulties that must be overcome to develop HPM applications for any future DoD use. Almost certainly we would know less–almost nothing–about what was going on in this area. For their part the Europeans and others would not cease to procure; they would simply undertake their own development. So our high power microwave scientific community told the State Department on balance to approve the transfer, which State did. Inevitably one consequence will be to advance the work of others and ultimately the production of RF devices to be used wherever and however by whomever. Note well, however: there is no guarantee that friendly countries will not sell the devices they produce to unfriendly, even hateful people.

It would also appear that there are other proliferation and transfer concerns of interest to this committee, simply because there is so much accurate how-to-do information in the open literature and on the Internet. Several countries have RFW programs and Russia says it has sold some technologies to these countries. At least one of these countries has acknowledged such a transfer. The crux of the difficulty in controlling these transfers is best illustrated by the fact that High Power Microwave weapons look like ordinary radars. With a dish or horn antenna, and a van with a power source, an RFW would look like a new, used or renovated radar. Used ones are offered for sale today in military surplus and commercial catalogs. Other catalogs offer for sale the components to put together lower power, but also very low cost items, that once assembled could be used effectively against the infrastructure.
Users of the new weapons can be criminals, individuals or organized gangs of narco or domestic terrorists–or a determined, organized, well-funded foreign adversary, either a group or nation who hates us.
The Russians, as noted, led with this work starting in 1949 with theory. By 1961, they were doing research, as documented in their numerous unclassified scientific articles. Experiments began in the seventies and proceeded to testing as described in their publications. Many of these weapons appeared in written descriptions, some photographs and diagrams in the nineties. Strategy, doctrine, tactics and techniques are all laid out in rather clear form. Please note all of this is unclassified information.
There is a legitimate question about the intelligence aspect of all of this. Our intelligence community largely proceeds on the operating principle followed in the Cold War: A threat is not validated until it is fielded. Well and good; hard evidence is essential.
But the question may fairly be asked: does that principle serve us well in the present day? Suppose we were to take a Russian or FSU-designed weapon, fabricate it in the U.S. and test it here. If the results were to meet the standards of performance and capabilities now claimed by the Russians, would we then have a validated threat? The answer to the capabilities may be forthcoming this month because at an unclassified level one of our national labs is doing just that. Another lab has purchased cheap, off the shelf components and will test its lower power device this month. Their engineers and I believe it will indeed work against infrastructure and light military targets.
There is a great deal of other corroborating evidence which at least argues for the existence–which is still disputed in some quarters–of these weapons: one minor one is an International Institute for the Prevention of Offensive RF Weapons, located in Philadelphia. Why such an institute if there are no such things? Evidence as to the capabilities of the weapons may be found in such recent statements as China’s declared intention to purchase three RF weapons derived from the Russian technology. Another is the series of reliably reported discussions within the IRA of their intention to seek RF weapons for use against the London financial system in lieu of bombs and explosives. Consider, too, the recent statement by Sweden they have used these devices in experiments to stop cars at 100 yards, as well as their reported claim that RF weapons have been used against their financial institutions. A similar but much disputed statement has been reported by the London Times concerning British financial and banking institutions. The Los Angeles Police Department had done some successful work with vehicles in the interests of public safety and to halt fleeing suspects. Advantages of the larger high power microwave RF weapons include:

• Low cost per engagement
• All weather
• Instantaneous engagement times
• Simplified pointing and tracking
• Possible to engage multiple targets
• Deep magazines�simplified logistics (can “fire” or pulse as long as there is power in the generator)
• Non-lethal to humans when properly adjusted
• Well suited to covert operations because of lack of signature; deniability
• Not able to detect attacks; silent when used without explosive devices

The RFM offer many of the same advantages, offset only by the sound of the explosion that detonates them and produces the rise in pulse energy.
Unless we choose to be, we are not without courses of action. Some of these could be explored at a future hearing. Some preliminary thoughts are offered today:

• We either fully understand nor control this technology.
• We have not begun to work on defenses , especially for our vulnerable infrastructure.
• We need to first scope the problem, determine susceptibilities and vulnerabilities, then test.
• All of this, to include any appropriate hardening of existing components, will take many years.
• There are other courses of corrective action, but all will take time to acquire and apply.
• The first step might well be to bring forward our real RF experts in DoD and the scientific community who know what needs to be done.

We need to go at this problem with a step-by-step sensible approach. No budget buster is proposed. Even if Congress had ready funds, a grandiose national solution is not the way to go.
We can start by scoping the problem and then by applying some of the same low-cost components that are now used in the ever expanding information technologies. Examples are surge-like protectors, plasma limiters, diodes, and metal covers. Parallel or redundant systems are another technique.
We are good at managing risks. We should no longer hesitate to reduce the impact of the threat, or to give our intelligence community the guidance to open up (some would say revise) their approach to this problem. Clearly the United States Congress will play a key role in whatever we do, or choose not to do, and our top leadership should focus on the longer term. But we should begin now in a sensible, modest way.
Three things we want to keep foremost in mind:

• Do not throw a lot of money at this problem. Funds don’t exist; the best solutions will have to be devised.
• Do not tell DoD or the Services to take this out of their budgets. They are over stretched now and it would be wrong to tell them to pay for protection of the civilian infrastructure.
• Do not continue to do what we have been doing and ignore the problem.

Source





Congressional Statement on Radio Frequency Weaponry | Alternative


[b To those of you who may know of the term HAARP this might be of interest to you[/b]